{"id":17791,"date":"2026-07-25T17:25:45","date_gmt":"2026-07-25T10:25:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arito.vn\/?p=17791"},"modified":"2026-10-09T16:42:47","modified_gmt":"2026-10-09T09:42:47","slug":"ke-hoach-mua-hang","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arito.vn\/en\/ke-hoach-mua-hang\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch mua h\u00e0ng: ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00ednh EOQ, ROP v\u00e0 m\u1eabu Excel t\u1ea3i v\u1ec1"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u201ck\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch mua h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o\u201d c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 g\u1ed3m hai c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c: m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7t bao nhi\u00eau<\/strong> and khi n\u00e0o \u0111\u1eb7t<\/strong>. Hai c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp nhau v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0a c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 ph\u00e9p ki\u1ec3m tra cho t\u1eebng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p, k\u00e8m file Excel t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea3i m\u1eabu k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch mua h\u00e0ng<\/h2>\n

T\u1ea2I NGAY<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Sheet<\/td>\nContent<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn<\/strong><\/td>\nTh\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m 6 b\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u1ed1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p, b\u1ea3ng ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p theo lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tham s\u1ed1<\/strong><\/td>\nS\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong n\u0103m, s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y an to\u00e0n m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c d\u00f9ng trong file<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch mua h\u00e0ng<\/strong><\/td>\n25 c\u1ed9t, ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eadp 9 c\u1ed9t<\/strong>. T\u1ef1 t\u00ednh EOQ, ROP, m\u1ee9c t\u1ed3n t\u1ed1i \u0111a, ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch theo th\u00e1ng<\/strong><\/td>\nPh\u00e2n b\u1ed5 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch c\u1ea3 n\u0103m ra 12 th\u00e1ng, c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Hai c\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a file<\/h3>\n

C\u1ed9t \u201cL\u1ec7ch 2 chi ph\u00ed\u201d:<\/strong> hi\u1ec7n KI\u1ec2M TRA khi chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng c\u1ea3 n\u0103m v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed l\u01b0u kho c\u1ea3 n\u0103m l\u1ec7ch nhau qu\u00e1 10%. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00fang EOQ hai s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 nhau, n\u00ean l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u nh\u1eadp sai tham s\u1ed1.<\/p>\n

C\u1ed9t \u201cC\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7t ngay?\u201d:<\/strong> hi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1eb6T NGAY khi t\u1ed3n kho hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ed1ng t\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch mua h\u00e0ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n

L\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh mua g\u00ec, bao nhi\u00eau, khi n\u00e0o, t\u1eeb ai, v\u1edbi ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch bao nhi\u00eau<\/strong> trong m\u1ed9t k\u1ef3.<\/p>\n

Ba c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch mua h\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi<\/td>\nPh\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
M\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7t bao nhi\u00eau<\/strong><\/td>\nEOQ<\/strong>, ho\u1eb7c theo \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 v\u1eadt t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Khi n\u00e0o<\/strong> \u0111\u1eb7t<\/td>\nROP<\/strong>, \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng l\u1ea1i<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u1ea7n bao nhi\u00eau ti\u1ec1n<\/strong> v\u00e0 v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng n\u00e0o<\/strong><\/td>\nNg\u00e2n s\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 theo th\u00e1ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ba c\u00e2u n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 th\u00ec v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"K\u1ebf<\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p 1: EOQ, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng kinh t\u1ebf<\/h2>\n

C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c<\/h3>\n

EOQ<\/strong> b\u1eb1ng c\u0103n b\u1eadc hai c\u1ee7a<\/strong> (2 \u00d7 Nhu c\u1ea7u n\u0103m \u00d7 Chi ph\u00ed m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng) \u00f7 Chi ph\u00ed l\u01b0u kho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb m\u1ed9t n\u0103m<\/p>\n

Logic \u0111\u1eb1ng sau:<\/strong> hai lo\u1ea1i chi ph\u00ed \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1eb7t nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n \u00edt<\/td>\nN\u1ebfu \u0111\u1eb7t \u00edt l\u1ea7n, m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng cao<\/strong><\/td>\nChi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng th\u1ea5p<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Chi ph\u00ed l\u01b0u kho th\u1ea5p<\/strong><\/td>\nChi ph\u00ed l\u01b0u kho cao<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

EOQ l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng hai chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

\"K\u1ebf<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 t\u00ednh<\/h3>\n

Doanh nghi\u1ec7p mua th\u00e9p t\u1ea5m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Tham s\u1ed1<\/td>\nGi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ea3 n\u0103m<\/td>\n24.000 kg<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Chi ph\u00ed m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng<\/td>\n1.500.000 \u0111<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Chi ph\u00ed l\u01b0u kho m\u1ed9t kg m\u1ed9t n\u0103m<\/td>\n5.000 \u0111<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

T\u00ednh:<\/strong> 2 nh\u00e2n 24.000 nh\u00e2n 1.500.000 b\u1eb1ng 72.000.000.000. Chia 5.000 b\u1eb1ng 14.400.000. C\u0103n b\u1eadc hai b\u1eb1ng 3.795 kg<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

S\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7t trong n\u0103m:<\/strong> 24.000 chia 3.795 b\u1eb1ng 6,32 l\u1ea7n<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1eb1ng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a EOQ<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Lo\u1ea1i chi ph\u00ed<\/td>\nC\u00e1ch t\u00ednh<\/td>\nS\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng c\u1ea3 n\u0103m<\/td>\n6,32 l\u1ea7n nh\u00e2n 1.500.000<\/td>\n9.486.833 \u0111<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Chi ph\u00ed l\u01b0u kho c\u1ea3 n\u0103m<\/td>\nT\u1ed3n b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n 3.795 chia 2 b\u1eb1ng 1.897,5 kg, nh\u00e2n 5.000<\/td>\n9.486.833 \u0111<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
T\u1ed5ng<\/strong><\/td>\n <\/td>\n18.973.666 \u0111<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Hai con s\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng nhau. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u00e9p ki\u1ec3m tra.<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00fang m\u1ee9c EOQ, chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng c\u1ea3 n\u0103m lu\u00f4n b\u1eb1ng chi ph\u00ed l\u01b0u kho c\u1ea3 n\u0103m. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p. N\u1ebfu t\u00ednh ra hai s\u1ed1 l\u1ec7ch nhau nhi\u1ec1u th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadp sai tham s\u1ed1.<\/strong><\/p>\n

So v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t theo qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh<\/h3>\n

Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n, 2.000 kg m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Lo\u1ea1i chi ph\u00ed<\/td>\nC\u00e1ch t\u00ednh<\/td>\nS\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng<\/td>\n12 l\u1ea7n nh\u00e2n 1.500.000<\/td>\n18.000.000 \u0111<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Chi ph\u00ed l\u01b0u kho<\/td>\nT\u1ed3n b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n 1.000 kg nh\u00e2n 5.000<\/td>\n5.000.000 \u0111<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
T\u1ed5ng<\/strong><\/td>\n <\/td>\n23.000.000 \u0111<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u1ebfu chuy\u1ec3n sang EOQ:<\/strong> 23.000.000 tr\u1eeb 18.973.666 b\u1eb1ng 4.026.334 \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t n\u0103m<\/strong>, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng 17,5%<\/strong> chi ph\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra:<\/strong> 4.026.334 chia 23.000.000 b\u1eb1ng 0,175.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 con s\u1ed1 cho m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng.<\/strong> Doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 50 m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng ch\u00ednh th\u00ec ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0m cho c\u1ea3 50.<\/p>\n

Hai gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a EOQ<\/h3>\n

EOQ gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1u trong n\u0103m.<\/strong> H\u00e0ng theo m\u00f9a th\u00ec EOQ kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n

EOQ gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i theo l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mua.<\/strong> N\u1ebfu nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00f3 chi\u1ebft kh\u1ea5u theo l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ph\u1ea3i so t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed \u1edf t\u1eebng b\u1eadc chi\u1ebft kh\u1ea5u, trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 mua, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 l\u01b0u kho.<\/p>\n

EOQ r\u1ea5t nh\u1ea1y v\u1edbi hai tham s\u1ed1 chi ph\u00ed.<\/strong> V\u00ec v\u1eady vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh chi ph\u00ed m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed l\u01b0u kho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u1ea7n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Chi ph\u00ed m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng g\u00ec:<\/strong> th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua h\u00e0ng, chi ph\u00ed l\u00e0m h\u1ed3 s\u01a1, ki\u1ec3m tra nh\u1eadn h\u00e0ng, x\u1eed l\u00fd thanh to\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Chi ph\u00ed l\u01b0u kho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb m\u1ed9t n\u0103m g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng g\u00ec:<\/strong> chi ph\u00ed m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng, b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n, hao h\u1ee5t, b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m, v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed v\u1ed1n b\u1ecb ch\u00f4n trong h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n<\/strong>. Kho\u1ea3n cu\u1ed1i l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3n hay b\u1ecb b\u1ecf v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p 2: ROP, \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng l\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n

EOQ tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7t bao nhi\u00eau. ROP tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi khi n\u00e0o \u0111\u1eb7t. Hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u00f9ng c\u00f9ng nhau, kh\u00f4ng thay th\u1ebf nhau.<\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c<\/h3>\n

ROP<\/strong> b\u1eb1ng (Nhu c\u1ea7u b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n ng\u00e0y \u00d7 Th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd) + T\u1ed3n kho an to\u00e0n<\/p>\n

T\u1ed3n kho an to\u00e0n<\/strong> b\u1eb1ng Nhu c\u1ea7u b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n ng\u00e0y \u00d7 S\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y an to\u00e0n<\/p>\n

\"K\u1ebf<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 t\u00ednh, ti\u1ebfp v\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u00ean<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Tham s\u1ed1<\/td>\nGi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Nhu c\u1ea7u b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n ng\u00e0y<\/td>\n24.000 chia 300 ng\u00e0y l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u1eb1ng 80 kg<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd t\u1eeb l\u00fac \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1edbi l\u00fac nh\u1eadn<\/td>\n12 ng\u00e0y<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
S\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y an to\u00e0n<\/td>\n5 ng\u00e0y<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

T\u1ed3n kho an to\u00e0n:<\/strong> 80 nh\u00e2n 5 b\u1eb1ng 400 kg<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

ROP:<\/strong> 80 nh\u00e2n 12 c\u1ed9ng 400 b\u1eb1ng 960 c\u1ed9ng 400 b\u1eb1ng 1.360 kg<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng hai con s\u1ed1 c\u00f9ng nhau<\/h3>\n

Khi t\u1ed3n kho xu\u1ed1ng t\u1edbi 1.360 kg, \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n 3.795 kg.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Con s\u1ed1<\/td>\nGi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/td>\nMeaning<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
ROP<\/td>\n1.360 kg<\/strong><\/td>\nNg\u01b0\u1ee1ng k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
EOQ<\/td>\n3.795 kg<\/strong><\/td>\nL\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M\u1ee9c t\u1ed3n t\u1ed1i \u0111a<\/td>\n1.360 c\u1ed9ng 3.795 b\u1eb1ng 5.155 kg<\/strong><\/td>\nM\u1ee9c t\u1ed3n ngay sau khi nh\u1eadn h\u00e0ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

V\u00ec sao c\u1ea7n t\u1ed3n kho an to\u00e0n:<\/strong> 960 kg ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ee7 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00fang 12 ng\u00e0y ch\u1edd h\u00e0ng, v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhu c\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng t\u0103ng v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00fang h\u1ea1n. 400 kg an to\u00e0n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7m cho hai r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

S\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y an to\u00e0n ch\u1ecdn bao nhi\u00eau:<\/strong> ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu h\u00e0ng. Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p hay giao ch\u1eadm th\u00ec t\u0103ng. H\u00e0ng m\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu l\u00e0 d\u1eebng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00ec t\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 c\u1ea7n c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh to\u00e1n:<\/strong> m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y an to\u00e0n th\u00eam l\u00e0 80 kg h\u00e0ng n\u1eb1m trong kho, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng chi ph\u00ed l\u01b0u kho 80 nh\u00e2n 5.000 b\u1eb1ng 400.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p 3: Min-Max<\/h2>\n

C\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u00ean cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e3 h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n<\/td>\nGi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Min<\/strong> b\u1eb1ng ROP<\/td>\n1.360 kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Max<\/strong> b\u1eb1ng ROP c\u1ed9ng EOQ<\/td>\n5.155 kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Quy t\u1eafc:<\/strong> khi t\u1ed3n xu\u1ed1ng t\u1edbi Min th\u00ec mua b\u00f9 l\u00ean Max.<\/p>\n

Khi n\u00e0o d\u00f9ng Min-Max thay EOQ c\u1ed9ng ROP:<\/strong> khi c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn m\u00e3 h\u00e0ng, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh l\u1ea1i EOQ cho t\u1eebng m\u00e3 m\u1ed7i k\u1ef3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ea3 thi. \u0110\u1eb7t Min v\u00e0 Max m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n, r\u00e0 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3.<\/p>\n

K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ABC:<\/strong> t\u00ednh EOQ v\u00e0 ROP c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn cho nh\u00f3m A l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m chi\u1ebfm ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, d\u00f9ng Min-Max \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n cho nh\u00f3m C.<\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p 4: MRP, cho v\u1eadt t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n

Kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng EOQ cho v\u1eadt t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t theo \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng.<\/strong> L\u00fd do: nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1eadt t\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng m\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
 <\/td>\nEOQ<\/td>\nMRP<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Nhu c\u1ea7u t\u00ednh t\u1eeb<\/td>\nL\u1ecbch s\u1eed ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec1u<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi<\/td>\nH\u00e0ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec1u, v\u1eadt t\u01b0 ph\u1ee5, h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i<\/td>\nNguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3<\/td>\nL\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ed1i \u01b0u v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed<\/td>\nL\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7t theo t\u1eebng k\u1ef3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Hai c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a MRP:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nhu c\u1ea7u thu\u1ea7n = Nhu c\u1ea7u g\u1ed9p \u2212 T\u1ed3n kho \u2212 \u0110ang \u0111\u1eb7t v\u1ec1<\/p>\n

Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7t = Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea7n \u2212 Th\u1eddi gian mua<\/p>\n

Chi ti\u1ebft xem MRP l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/a> and k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng<\/td>\nPh\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
H\u00e0ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec1u quanh n\u0103m, gi\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i theo l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\nEOQ c\u1ed9ng ROP<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H\u00e0ng theo m\u00f9a, nhu c\u1ea7u bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng EOQ.<\/strong> L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch theo d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o t\u1eebng k\u1ef3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t theo \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng<\/td>\nMRP<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H\u00e0ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ea5p, nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e3<\/td>\nMin-Max<\/strong>, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ABC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00f3 chi\u1ebft kh\u1ea5u theo l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\nEOQ l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u<\/strong>, ph\u1ea3i so t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed \u1edf t\u1eebng b\u1eadc chi\u1ebft kh\u1ea5u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H\u00e0ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u1eafn<\/td>\n\u01afu ti\u00ean v\u00f2ng quay nhanh h\u01a1n chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng, EOQ c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

D\u00f2ng cu\u1ed1i l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i t\u1edbi.<\/strong> EOQ kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n hay kh\u00f4ng. V\u1edbi th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 h\u1ea1n d\u00f9ng, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng EOQ t\u00ednh ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00f9ng k\u1ecbp tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

N\u1ed9i dung m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch mua h\u00e0ng<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Nh\u00f3m<\/td>\nContent<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Danh m\u1ee5c<\/td>\nM\u00e3 h\u00e0ng, t\u00ean, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb t\u00ednh, nh\u00f3m h\u00e0ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
L\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/strong><\/td>\nNhu c\u1ea7u k\u1ef3, EOQ ho\u1eb7c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng theo \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c, ROP, m\u1ee9c t\u1ed3n t\u1ed1i \u0111a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Budget<\/strong><\/td>\nGi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1eebng \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng, ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch c\u1ea3 k\u1ef3, ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 theo th\u00e1ng<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p<\/td>\nNh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn, th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thanh to\u00e1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m<\/td>\nNg\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch t\u1eebng nh\u00f3m h\u00e0ng, ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1<\/td>\nT\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 giao \u0111\u00fang h\u1ea1n, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, m\u1ee9c ch\u00eanh ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

D\u00f2ng ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 theo th\u00e1ng l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng hay b\u1ecb b\u1ecf<\/strong>, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng n\u1ed1i k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch mua h\u00e0ng v\u1edbi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n. Bi\u1ebft c\u1ea3 n\u0103m c\u1ea7n 2 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7, ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft th\u00e1ng n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n bao nhi\u00eau.<\/p>\n

\"K\u1ebf<\/p>\n

B\u1ed1n ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch mua h\u00e0ng<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1<\/td>\nC\u00e1ch t\u00ednh<\/td>\nN\u00f3i l\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 giao \u0111\u00fang h\u1ea1n<\/strong><\/td>\nS\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n giao \u0111\u00fang h\u1ea1n chia t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p, v\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u0111\u00fang c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh ROP<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
S\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n thi\u1ebfu h\u00e0ng<\/strong><\/td>\nS\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n h\u1ebft h\u00e0ng g\u00e2y d\u1eebng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n<\/td>\nROP v\u00e0 t\u1ed3n kho an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u01b0a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch<\/strong><\/td>\nGi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb mua th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf chia ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch<\/td>\nCh\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o nhu c\u1ea7u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
S\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y t\u1ed3n kho<\/strong><\/td>\n365 chia v\u00f2ng quay h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho<\/td>\nL\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn so v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Hai ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c nhau v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00f9ng nhau.<\/strong> Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd thi\u1ebfu h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111ang gi\u1eef qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed3n kho. Thi\u1ebfu h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ROP \u0111\u1eb7t qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 giao \u0111\u00fang h\u1ea1n th\u1ea5p:<\/strong> v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m \u1edf c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ROP m\u00e0 \u1edf th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng. Th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf d\u00e0i h\u01a1n con s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh th\u00ec ROP t\u00ednh ra qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

S\u00e1u l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
L\u1ed7i<\/td>\nH\u1eadu qu\u1ea3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Ch\u1ec9 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb7t bao nhi\u00eau, kh\u00f4ng t\u00ednh khi n\u00e0o \u0111\u1eb7t<\/strong><\/td>\nC\u00f3 EOQ m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ROP th\u00ec v\u1eabn thi\u1ebfu h\u00e0ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B\u1ecf chi ph\u00ed v\u1ed1n b\u1ecb ch\u00f4n kh\u1ecfi chi ph\u00ed l\u01b0u kho<\/strong><\/td>\nChi ph\u00ed l\u01b0u kho b\u1ecb hi\u1ec3u th\u1ea5p, EOQ t\u00ednh ra qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
D\u00f9ng EOQ cho h\u00e0ng theo m\u00f9a<\/strong><\/td>\nL\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb7t kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1eebng k\u1ef3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
D\u00f9ng EOQ cho nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t theo \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng<\/strong><\/td>\nPh\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng MRP, t\u00ednh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
D\u00f9ng th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd theo cam k\u1ebft thay v\u00ec th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/strong><\/td>\nROP qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p, thi\u1ebfu h\u00e0ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch theo th\u00e1ng<\/strong><\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng n\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

L\u1ed7i th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i l\u00e0m sai l\u1ec7ch EOQ nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t.<\/strong> Chi ph\u00ed v\u1ed1n b\u1ecb ch\u00f4n trong h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a chi ph\u00ed l\u01b0u kho, v\u00e0 hay b\u1ecb b\u1ecf v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n chi tr\u00ean s\u1ed5.<\/p>\n

L\u1ed7i th\u1ee9 n\u0103m d\u1ec5 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n:<\/strong> so th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a 10 \u0111\u01a1n g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi con s\u1ed1 \u0111ang d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch mua h\u00e0ng tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Arito<\/h2>\n

Arito<\/a> x\u1eed l\u00fd:<\/p>\n